(i) Given as f(x) = ex, g(x) = loge x
Let f: R → (0, ∞); and g: (0, ∞) → R
Let us calculate fog,
Clearly, the range of g is a subset of the domain of f.
fog: (0, ∞) → R
(fog)(x) = f(g(x))
= f(loge x)
= loge ex
= x
Let us calculate gof,
Clearly, the range of f is a subset of the domain of g.
⇒ fog: R→ R
(gof)(x) = g(f(x))
= g(ex)
= loge ex
= x
(ii) f(x) = x2, g(x) = cos x
f: R→ [0, ∞); g: R → [−1, 1]
Let us calculate fog,
Clearly, the range of g is not a subset of the domain of f.
⇒ Domain (fog) = {x: x ∈ domain of g and g (x) ∈ domain of f}
⇒ Domain (fog) = x: x ∈ R and cos x ∈ R}
⇒ Domain of (fog) = R
(fog): R→ R
(fog)(x) = f(g(x))
= f(cos x)
= cos2 x
Let us calculate gof,
Clearly, the range of f is a subset of the domain of g.
⇒ fog: R→R
(gof)(x) = g(f(x))
= g(x2)
= cos x2
(iii) Given f(x) = |x|, g(x) = sin x
f: R → (0, ∞) ; g : R → [−1, 1]
Let us calculate fog,
Clearly, the range of g is a subset of the domain of f.
⇒ fog: R → R
(fog)(x) = f(g(x))
= f(sin x)
= |sin x|
Let us calculate gof,
Clearly, the range of f is a subset of the domain of g.
⇒ fog : R→ R
(gof)(x) = g(f(x))
= g(|x|)
= sin |x|
(iv) Given f(x) = x + 1, g(x) = ex
f: R → R ; g: R → [ 1, ∞)
Let us calculate fog:
Clearly, range of g is a subset of domain of f.
⇒ fog: R → R
(fog)(x) = f(g(x))
= f(ex)
= ex + 1
Let us compute gof,
Clearly, range of f is a subset of domain of g.
⇒ fog: R → R
(gof)(x) = g(f(x))
= g(x + 1)
= ex+1
(v) Given f(x) = sin−1 x, g(x) = x2
f: [−1,1] → [(-π)/2,π/2]; g : R → [0, ∞)
Let us compute the fog:
Clearly, the range of g is not a subset of the domain of f.
Domain (fog) = {x: x ∈ domain of g and g (x) ∈ domain of f}
Domain (fog) = {x: x ∈ R and x2 ∈ [−1, 1]}
Domain (fog) = {x: x ∈ R and x ∈ [−1, 1]}
Domain of (fog) = [−1, 1]
fog: [−1,1] → R
(fog)(x) = f(g(x))
= f(x2)
= sin−1(x2)
Let us compute the gof:
Clearly, the range of f is a subset of the domain of g.
fog: [−1, 1] → R
(gof)(x) = g(f(x))
= g(sin−1 x)
= (sin−1 x)2