(a) Population and Sample.
The totality of units under consideration is called population or universe. The representative units of a population is called sample.
Ex:
1. Number of Paddy saplings in a plot are population, where the number of paddy saplings hold in a hand by a cooli for grafting is a sample.
2. The number of students of I year commerce students in a college is population, where as the number of students in I year SEBA -A section is a sample.
(b) Qualitative and Quantitative characteristics.
The characteristics which are not numerically measurable are called Qualitative Characteristics.
Ex: Beauty of a painting, skin colour / famous/intelligence of a person. – Numerically measurable characteristics are called Quantitative Characteristic.
Ex: Number ripe mangoes, No. of phone calls, Height of a person, weight of apples, wages of Employees.
(c) Qualitative and Quantitative data.
The data which are not numerically expressed are called Qualitative data.
Ex: In a class out of 80 students in a class, 22 wear spectacles of which 3 are blue eyed girls and 4 dark-eyed boys. – Numerically expressed data are called Quantitative Data.
Ex: In a class of 80 students,- 28 students were above 175 cms and 15 students were below 165 students.
