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in Surface Chemistry by (57.3k points)

Discuss the factors affecting adsorption of gases on solid surface.

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The exact amount of a gas adsorbed at the surface of a solid depends upon the following factors:
(i) Nature of gas (adsorbate):
If critical temperature of gas is higher, the van der Waal’s forces of attraction will be greater so adsorption will be greater. Critical temperatures of a few gases are given below:

Gas H2 N2 CO CH4 CO2
Critical Temperature K 33 126 134 190 304

 (ii) Nature of solid (adsorbent):
Greater the surface area per unit mass of the solid, greater is the extent of adsorption.
(iii) Effect of temperature:
Adsorption is accompained by evolution of heat.

∆H = -ve. According to Le-Chateliers’s principle, the rate of adsorption decreases with increase in temperature.
(iv) Effect of pressure:
At constant temperature, adsorption increases with pressure. If the temperature is kept constant at low value, the effect will be large.

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