Bushman are the inhabitants of Kalahari Desert. These are also known as Saun, Rawi and Basarawa. Bushman are related to Negrito race. Various conditions related with this tribes are as follows :
1. Residance area: Bushman live in Bechuanaland between 18° Southern latitude to 24° Southern latitude in the African continent. Presently, Bushman lives in Kalahari Desert and south-western grassland area of Africa. South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Angola etc. are their inhabitant areas.
2. Economic Condition :
(a) Hunting: Main activity of Bushman tribe is hunting. They hunt using arrows and bows. They use many types of practices to catch big animals. They kill the animal by thrusting it in mud, entrapping them in snares, by making them fall into pits or by poisoning their drinking water. Every family gets its food itself.
(b) Weapons: Bows and arrows, pointed rod, spear, burcha and agnidand are their main weapons. They use poisonous arrows. They make the bones of ostrich and giraffe sharp and pointed and put it on the tip of the arrow to make them a very sharp weapon.
3. Social Condition :
(a) Food: Bushman are omnivorous. A bushman can eat more than half a sheep at a time. Meal, fish, roots of plants, jumple tree and honey are favourite food items of bushmans. Termite, ants and their eggs are also favourite to them. The take stale food easily.
(b) Clothes: They wear on a few clothes, males wear a tri-angular lioncloth. Women use apron, chonga is the main attire of women. It is also called cross in local language. It is both a dress and bedroll.
(c) Houses: They live in rocky caves. They build huts with the help of grass, tree branches, and skin of animals. These villages called verf are a small group of 8 – 10 huts.
4. Environmental Adjustment: A powerful desire of stying alive is prominent among them. They enjoy the uninterrupted freedom of living the life of vagabonds as they have fewer assets, less children and their division of assets. At the time of famine, Bushman women stop conceiving pregnancy. At the time of hunting, they ensure that no harm is caused to the females and adolescents of the animal species. They use minimum fuel to burn fire.
