Fundamental Duties :
In the constitution of 1950, there was provision of fundamental rights only for the citizens, but not of duties. But in 1976, while making the 42nd amendment in the constitution, it was felt that the fundamental duties of the citizens must be explained. Therefore in section 4 (a) of the constitution, 10 duties were added.
Its has been said here that it shall be the duty of energy citizen that he :
1. Follow the constitution and respects its’ideals, institutions, national flag, and national anthem.
2. Cherishes and follows the nobel ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom.
3. Upholds and protects the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4. Defends the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
5. Promotes harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among the people of India, transcending religious, linguistic and regional diversities, renounces practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
6. Values and preserves the rich heritage of our composite culture.
7. Protects and improves the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers wildlife and has compassion for living creatures.
8. Develops scientific temper, humanism, and spirit of inquiry and reform.
9. Safeguards public property and abjures violence.
10. Strives towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement.
11. One more fundamental duty has been added, making it eleventh duty, by the 86th constitutional amendment (2002), amending article 51(a) that: it shall be the duty of the parents or the guardian that they provide opportunity of education to their children between the age of 6 and 14 years.
