Founders of political science have imagined the nature of a state and there has been a deep analysis on seven organs of a state, and on this basis, a state is accepted to be comprised of seven organs (Saptang) or seven Prakriti. In the Shanti Parva of Mahabharata, Shukra Niti, Kautilya’s Arthashastra and Manu Smriti, a principle of ‘Saptang’ (seven organs) of a state is accepted.
In Mahabharata, a detailed description of seven organs are given :
1. Raja (King)
2. Mantri (Ministers)
3. Kosh (Treasury)
4. Sena (Army)
5. Durg (Fortress)
6. Mitra (Allies)
7. Desh (State).
There have been repeated analyses of it with the change of names in the scripture. In other episode, while using the words of Bhim, Vyasji explained with regard to duties of a king that it is appropriate for a king to safeguard seven things. These seven things are-king’s own body, Mantri, Kosh, Dand, Mitra, Rashtra and Nagar. While accepting the Saptang principle of a state in Mahabharata, there has been an indication with regard to contractual principle of nature of a state.
