Main elements of Green Revolution:
1. HYV (High Variety Yielding) Programme: This programme was launched in 1970-71 in the crops of rice, wheat, jowar, millet and ragi but maximum success was achieved in the wheat production, though there was a considerable improvement in the production of jowar, millet, rice and maize crops. It made much head¬way in the states of Punjab, Haryana, U.P, Bihar, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West- Bengal etc.
2. Multicrops Programme: It was also a part of the green revolution strategies. It means that the crops sown ripe in short duration and they give more yield, as the crops of rice, maize, millet, jowar etc.
3. Increased use of Chemical Fertilisers: Due to green revolution the consumption of chemical fertilisers has increased veiy much. This has led to increase in the domestic production as well as crops.
4. Increase in Irrigation Facilities and Emphasis on Small Schemes: More emphasis has been given on the gradual development of irrigation facilities for the safety of crops from uncertanity and irregularity of rain, and for more production. Under this scheme more attention is paid to the maximum use of underground water and small irrigation projects. This has increased the total irrigated area of the country from 3.2 crore hectare in 1965- 66 to 9 crore hectare in 2001-02.
5. Use of Improved Equipment and Mechanisation of Agriculture: In Green Revolution there is a rapid use of improved tools and machines for the agricultural development.
6. Establishment of various Institutions for Agricultural Development: In 1963 National Seed Corporation was established for the production and distribution of seeds so as to produce certified seeds of cereals, pulses, oilseeds etc. Finance corporation for the supply of fertilizers and National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) as an apex institute of agriculture and rural finance was established. Besides the above the other pro¬grammes were fair prices guarantee for farmers, land reforms and land conservation, development of animal husbandly etc.
