Question

Cartilages are of how many types? Give the structure of hyalin cartilage.

Answer 1

Cartilage :

• It contains matrix & chondrioblasts cells.
• The matrix is made up of Chondrin protein & collagen fibres. In some cartilages, the matrix also has elastin fibres & salts.
• The chodrin is a chodro-mucoprotein which provide strength & elasticity to the cartilage.
• The chondrioblasts form chondriocytes & the matrix.
• The chondriocytes remain distributed in the matrix and are enclosed in lacunae.
• Each lacuna encloses one to four chondriocytes.
• The membrane of the lacuna has blood capallaries which supply O₂ & food to the chondriocytes.
• The cartilage is bounded by a perichondrium.
• The cartilages are of 4 types-

(i) Hyaline cartilage

• The matrix is clear, semi-transparent & light blue in color.
• It is elastic.
• The matrix is without fibres.
• It is found in hyoid, tracheal rings, larynx and ends of legs bones & ribs.
• It is the hyalin cartilage which has deposition of calcium salts in the matrix.

 

(ii) Elastic cartilage

• It’s matrix has yellow elastic fibres which are branched.
• It is found in pinna, epiglottis, & tip of nose.

(iii) Fibrous cartilage

• It’s matrix has bundles of white collagen fibres. They are unbranched.
• It is a thought cartilage.
• It forms inter vertebral discs & pubic symphoisis of pelvic girdle

(iv) Calcified Cartilage

• It is a hyalin cartilage which get impregnated with calcium salts.