The Constitution has provided a judiciary for the settlement of disputes and for their appropriate analysis.
The following three types of disputes after arise, among people in general form:
1. Civil Disputes – Disputes regarding property, money or land, purchase of goods, marital disputes, rents and contracts, come under this category and the civil courts are there to deal with them.
2. Criminal Disputes – Murder, assault, theft, violation of law and disturbing peace, are all criminal acts and are tried in the criminal courts.
3. Revenue Disputes – Disputes regarding ownership of agricultural land, transfer of agricultural land, tenancy and land revenue or lagaan, are all revenue cases.
Here, the deputy tehsildar, tehsildar, and additional collector are the judicial authorities and such revenue cases are produced in their courts at the lower level. The district collector is the final court of appeal in these cases. Apart from these, there are some special types of courts which hear cases associated with some special issues. These include family court, court for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, labour court, motor vehicles’ accident court and district consumer forum, etc.
