Ideal Gas Equation:
According to Boyle's law,
At constant T and n,
V \(\propto\) \(\frac{1}{P}\) .................(i)
According to Charle's law,
At constant P and n,
V \(\propto\) T ................(ii)
According to Avogadro law,
At constant P and T,
V \(\propto\) n ................(iii)
\(\therefore\) From equation (i), (ii) and (iii),
V a\(\frac{nT}{P}\) .................(iv)
Or V = R\(\frac{nT}{P}\) .................(v)
where R = Proportionality constant (Gas constant)
Or PV = nRT ..............(vi)
The equation (vi) is called ideal gas equation.
Utility of the Gas Equation: With the help of ideal gas equation, we can use the relationship between the amount of gases (in moles and their volumes (in liters) to calculate the stoichiometry of reactions involving gases, if the pressure and temperature are known. Many reactions that are carried out in the laboratory involve the formation or reaction of gas.
