Answer:
1. Answer : (c) They respond to external stimuli
Explanation: There are seven characteristics of living things: movement, breathing or respiration, excretion, growth, sensitivity, and reproduction.
2. Answer : (a) Identical name of two different taxa
Explanation: A homonym is a name that belongs to a taxon and which spells the same as a name belonging to another taxon. There are two types of homonyms called homophones and homographs.
3. Answer : (a) Homeostasis
Explanation: The control of body temperature in humans is a good example of homeostasis in a biological system.
4. Answer :(d) Formalin
Explanation: Preservatives are used to preserve the substances. In the same manner, to prevent biological specimens the preservative is used. These are used to prevent damages to the specimens. Formalin is one the known and famous preservatives which are used for the preservation of biological specimens.
5. Answer : (c) Ernst Mayr
Explanation: A species is defined as a population of interbreeding individuals and reproductively isolated from other populations by Ernst Mayr.
6. Answer : (a) Linnaeus
Explanation: Carl von Linné, or Carl Linnaeus (1707–1788) was a Swedish physician, botanist, and zoologist who created a new system of classification for all living things.
7. Answer : (d) Gain or release of energy
Explanation: Metabolism refers to the whole sum of reactions that occur throughout the body within each cell and that provide the body with energy. This energy gets used for vital processes and the synthesis of new organic material.
8.Answer : (a) Taxon
Explanation: A taxonomic group of any rank is called a taxon. Examples of taxonomic ranks are species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, domain, etc.
9. Answer : (a) Housefly
Explanation:The common name of Housefly is Musca domestica.
10. Answer : (b) Howrah and Lucknow
Explanation: National botanical research institute is located in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. The national botanical research institute was made by Kailash Nath Kaul which is named as the National botanical garden.
11. Answer : (b) Allopatric species
Explanation: Allopatric species can inhabit different geographical areas. - Geographical barriers such as mountains, rivers, buildings, oceans, glaciers, valleys, etc., isolates biological populations of the same species. Some other causes behind allopatric speciation are social differences and emigration.
12. Answer : (b) Photosynthesis
Explanation:Photosynthesis is exhibited by plants only. Photosynthesis is the function exhibited only by Green plants because they contain chlorophyll which is absent in the animal body and also animals are heterotrophs there is no chance of preparing their own food.
13.Answer : (b) Virus
Explanation: Cell membrane, protoplasm, ribosome, etc are absent in viruses.
14.Answer : (b) Ernst Mayr
Explanation: Ernst Mayr is understood as Darwin of the 20th century. He's referred to as the father of the 20th century as he contributed tons to science. He was the number one evolutionary biologist in his time.
15. Answer : (d) height of the plant
Explanation: Herbarium is an important taxonomical aid that comprises a collection of preserved plants. These are used for research and are stored systematically, organized, and cataloged. It has no information about plant height. So, the correct option is 'Height of the plant'.
16.Answer :(d) pisciculture
Explanation: The breeding, rearing, and transplantation of fish by artificial means is called pisciculture, in other words, fish farming. It is the principal form of aquaculture, while other methods may fall under mariculture. It involves raising fish commercially in tanks or enclosures, usually for food.
17. Answer : (b) stratosphere
Explanation: The ozone layer is the common term for the high concentration of ozone that is found in the stratosphere around 15–30km above the earth's surface. It covers the entire planet and protects life on earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation from the sun.
18. Answer : (b) International Code for Botanical Nomenclature
Explanation: International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN); the name was changed at the International Botanical Congress in Melbourne in July 2011.
19.Answer : (b) Entropy
Explanation: Entropy changes in a system restrict the engine from transferring all its energy into work. Hence energy transfers is never \(100\%\) efficient due to entropy.
20. Answer : (c) Genus
Explanation: Nicotiana is a Genus.
21. Answer : (d) All are correct
Explanation: The term biodiversity (from “biological diversity”) refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life.
22. Answer : (d) Division
Explanation: The taxonomic unit 'Phylum' in the classification of animals is equivalent to the taxonomic unit 'Division' in the classification of the plants.
23. Answer : (d) Generic and specific names should be written starting with small letters.
Explanation: Accordingly, the generic name is the genus of the species and is written by starting with a capitalized letter. Both the generic name and the specific epithet are in italicized form.
24. Answer : (b) Bentham and Hooker
Explanation: In the book called 'Genera Plantarum', Bentham and Hooker gave a comprehensive system of classification of seed plants, and it is regarded as the most convenient system of classification because of its practical utility.
25. Answer : (b) Linnaeus
Explanation: Linnaeus put forward the static concept of species. Linnaeus developed a"binomial nomenclature system
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