Correct Answer - Option 1 : Citric acid
Concept:
Acid and Base
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Acid
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Base
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Acids are sour in taste.
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Bases are bitter in taste and have a soapy feel.
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Acids are present in sour fruits, vinegar, toilet cleaner, etc.
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Bases are present in neem, clove, soaps, etc.
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Acids turn blue litmus paper to red.
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Bases turn litmus paper from red to blue.
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| Acids have a higher concentration of H + ions in its aqueous solution. |
Bases have a higher concentration of OH - ions in their aqueous solution. |
Explanation:
- Strong and weak acid
- Strong acids have a very high concentration of H + ions. Sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, Nitric acid are some examples of strong acids.
- Weak acids have comparatively low concentrations of H + ions. Citric acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid are some examples of strong bases.
So, citric acid is a weak acid.
Strongness of an acid or base is determined by its pH value.
pH = - log [H +]
It is measured from a scale of 0 - 14
Strong acids have pH : 0 - 3
Weak acids have pH: 3 - 6
Neutral solutions have pH = 7
Weak bases have pH: 8 - 11
Strong bases have pH 11 - 14
- Strong bases have a very high concentration of OH - ions.
- Strong acids have a very high concentration of H + ions. Sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, Nitric acid are some examples of strong acids.
- Weak acids have comparatively low concentrations of H + ions. Citric acid, tartaric acid, acetic acid are some examples of strong bases.
- Strong bases have a very high concentration of OH - ions.
