Correct Answer - Option 2 : behavioural problem
Enuresis
- Enuresis is defined as involuntary or intentional repeated voiding of urine into clothes or bed at least twice a week for a period of three consecutive months in children older than five years old.
- It is one of the most frequent chronic childhood disorders. Also, if it is in children of above 5 years, that means it is a behavioural problem.
The classification of enuresis is simple. Only two aspects need to be considered: The longest dry period and if lower urinary tract symptoms are present:
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Primary enuresis means that the child has been dry for less than 6 months (or not at all)
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Secondary enuresis means that relapse after a dry period of at least 6 months has occurred.
- The dry period can occur at any age; also, it does not matter if it came about spontaneously or was achieved by treatment. This distinction is important because children with secondary enuresis have experienced stressful life events (such as separation of parents, birth of siblings, etc.) more often and have higher rates of comorbid psychiatric disorders.
- Psychosocial factors modulate genetic and neurobiological risks in different ways. The time of initiation and intensity of toilet training, for example, has no effect on the development of enuresis
- Psychosocial factors play a minor role in primary enuresis, as the rate of psychological disorders and risk factors is not increased
Hence, we conclude that ‘Enuresis’ in a child of above 5 years is a behavioural problem.
