Correct Answer - Option 1 : Premack Principle
Operant conditioning can be defined as a principle of learning in which behavior is maintained or changed through its positive or negative consequences. According to the principles of operant conditioning, positive consequences lead to the repetition of the behavior, whereas, negative consequences will lead to avoidance of behavior.
Premack Principle: This principle given by David Premack, is a principle of reinforcement.
- According to this principle, a more preferred behavior can be used as reinforcement for less preferred behavior.
- For instance, to make her child develop the habit of reading, a mother tells the child that if she reads a book for 20 minutes then she could play outside for 20 minutes, The mother is using the Premack principle.
- This is also known as ‘Grandma’s Rule’ because the grandmother or any caregiver often uses this principle.
- Likewise, the child is asked to clean her/his room before leaving the house to play.
Hence, we can conclude that the statement 'first do what I want you to do, then you may do what you want to do', best describes the Premack Principle.
E. L. Thorndike proposed three main laws-
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Law of exercise
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- It is based on practice and drills to learn something for a long period.
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Law of readiness
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- It refers to the degree of eagerness and inquisitiveness to learn something new.
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Law of effect
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- It is based on motivation and reinforcement to make the learning experience pleasant for learners.
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NOTE:
Law of continuity
- The law of continuity is a heuristic principle introduced by Gottfried Leibniz based on earlier work by Nicholas of Cusa and Johannes Kepler.
- It is the principle that "whatever succeeds for the finite, also succeeds for the infinite".
