No Ball:
While playing the ball if the front foot of the bowler goes ahead of the batting crease or cuts the returning crease, the umpire declares. No Ball. After hitting the ball the batsman can make as many runs as possible. The runs made in this way will be added to the score. If no run had been made, only one run will be added to the score. By spreading one of his arms the umpire gives the signal of no ball.
Wide ball:
The umpire declares a wide ball if the bowler bowls the ball high over or wide over the wicket which, in the opinion of the umpire, is out of the reach of the batsman. The runs made during the wide ball are reckoned in the wide ball. If no run is attempted, it is reckoned one run. The umpire gives the signal of wide ball by spreading his both arms straight.
Bye and Leg-Bye:
The umpire shall declare “bye’’ if the properly bowled ball passes the batsman (striker) without touching his bat or body and run is obtained. But it should not be no-ball or wide-ball. But if the ball touches any part of the striker’s body except his hands which hold the bat and any run is got, the umpire shall declare “leg – bye”.
Out of his Ground:
A batsman shall be reckoned to be out of it his ground until some part of his bat in hand or of his person is grounded behind the ground of popping crease.
Batsman’s Retirement:
A batsman owing to illness or injury may retire at any time. He may bat but he will have to seek the permission of the captain of the opposing team to know his number of batting. Bowled. If the wicket is bowled down, the striker (batsman) is said to be bowled out, even if the ball has touched first his body or foot.
Catch:
If the ball from the stroke of a bat or of the hand holding the bat (not the wrist) is caught by a fieldsman before it touches the ground, the batsman is “caught out”. At the time of a catch both the feet of the fieldsman should be on the ground of the playfield. If the fieldsman catches the ball out of the boundary line, the batsman is not reckoned to be out, but is awarded 6 runs. If the ball lodges in the pads of the wicket-keeper, the batsman shall be reckoned to be “caught out”.
Handle the Ball:
During play, if the batsman touches the ball with his hand he shall be reckoned to be out “handle the ball out”. Hit the Ball Twice. If the ball is struck or stopped by any part of the batsman’s body after it has been hit, and if the batsman deliberately strikes it again, he shall be out”. The ball can be hit twice only to defend the wicket but the condition is that it must have been done to defend the wicket. If any run is made in this process, it is not counted.
Wicket is Down or Hit Wicket:
If during the play, the batsman hits down his wicket with any part of the bat or body, it is called “hit wicket out”. If the wicket falls down as a result of the fall of his cap or hat or any broken part of his bat, even then he shall be reckoned to be “hit wicket out”.
L.B.W. (Leg Before Wicket):
The batsman is considered to be “L.B.W. out” when he tries to obstruct the ball with any part of his body before touching the ball with his bat, and in the opinion of the umpire, the ball and the wicket are in a straight line. If the batsman had not obstructed the ball with any part of his body, the ball would have straight hit the wicket. Obstructing the field. If a batsman deliberately obstructs a fieldsman from catching the ball, he can be out “obstructing the field.”
Stumped:
A batsman is out of his ground if his bat in hand or his foot is not on the ground behind the supposed popping crease. The batsman is considered to be out stumped when the ball is not “no ball” and is bowled and the batsman goes out of his ground otherwise than attempting a run, and the wicket-keeper outstumps the wicket (removes the stumps placed over the wickets).
Run Out:
The batsman is run out when the ball is in play, the batsman goes out of his ground to score a run, and his wicket is put down by the opposite side. If batsmen cross each other, that batsman will be considered to be “run out” who is running to the fallen wicket.
Wicket-keeper:
The wicket-keeper shall always remain behind the wickets until a ball delivered by a bowler touches the bat or the body of the striker or passes the wicket or the batsman is “out”. He cannot catch the ball.
Boundary:
If the ball crosses the boundary line having touched the ground, after a batsman has hit it, it is called boundary. Four runs are given for a boundary. If the hit ball falls out of the boundary line Without touching the ground, six runs are made. If the boundary results from an overthrow or is intentionally made by the fieldsman, then the scored runs and the runs of the boundary shall be counted in the score.
Lost Ball:
If the ball is lost, any fieldsman can declare it to be lost. In such a situation, the umpire can restart the game with a new ball the condition of which resembles that of the lost one.
Results:
Any team which makes more runs in its two innings is considered winner team. In case a match is not completed, it is regarded as a draw.
Over:
In each over the ball is bowled six times. These overs are done alternately on each wicket. Eight balls can also be given in an over, if decided earlier. “No ball” and “wide ball” are not reckoned in an over. The number of extra balls bowled in an over shall be equal to the number of “no balls” in that over. No bowler can bowl two overs continuously in one innings. If the umpire fails to remember the number of balls in an over, the over considered by the umpire shall not be counted.
