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Explain J.J. Thomson’s atom model with the help of a diagram.

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1. J.J. Thomson’s atom model with the help of a diagram: 

  • Thomson proposed that the shape of an atom resembles a sphere having a radius of the order of 10 m. 
  • The positively charged particles are uniformly distributed with electrons arranged in such a manner that the atom is electrically neutral. 
  • Thomson’s atom model was also called as the plum pudding model or the watermelon model. 
  • The embedded electrons resembled the seed of watermelon while the watermelon’s red mass represented the positive charge distribution. 
  • The plum pudding atomic theory assumed that the mass of an atom is uniformly distributed all over the atom.

2. Limitations of Thomson’s Atom model: 

  • Thomson’s model failed to explain how the positively charged sphere is shielded from the negatively charged electrons without getting neutralized. 
  • This theory explains only about the protons and electrons and failed to explain the presence of neutral particle neutron.

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