Correct Answer - Option 1 : 100
Intelligent quotient (IQ) refers to mental age (MA) divided by chronological age (CA) and multiplied by 100. Multiplying by 100 helps to avoid the decimal, as it changes the IQ into a whole number. So IQ= MA/CA X 100
Individual’s age in two parts, viz., Chronological Age i.e. age of a person from the time of his birth. And the other is the Mental age, a concept propounded by Binet and Simon. Mental age is an estimate of a person's cognitive development derived from raw score performance on intelligence, achievement.
A merit of the IQ used by intelligence tests helped to compare the intelligence of individuals with different chronological and mental ages.
There are three situations of comparison between mental age and chronological age:-
1. Mental age is higher than chronological age IQ scores will be over 100
- For example, a 13-year-old person’s IQ who has a mental age of 16.
- IQ= MA (16)/CA (13) X 100= 123.
2. When a person’s chronological age exceeds his mental age, IQ scores are below 100.
3. When a person's chronological age is equal to mental age.
- Now suppose a 16-year-old person also has a mental age of 16. So, his IQ will be 100.
- IQ= MA (16)/CA (16) X100 = 100.
An IQ score of 100 is regarded as average intelligence because in this case a person’s mental age and chronological age are equal. It is the mathematical average or mean for IQ scores.
Hence, A child whose chronological age is equal to mental age has an IQ of 100.
