Question

Which is the outermost layer of the Himalayan?
1. Shivalik Hills
2. Greater Himalayas
3. Lesser Himalayas
4. Trans Himalayas

Answer 1

Correct Answer - Option 1 : Shivalik Hills

The correct answer is Shivalik Hills.

• The Shivalik Hills are a mountain range in the Outer Himalayas that extends about 2,400 km from the Indus River.
  • It flows west-northwest for an additional 1,000 miles from the Tisza River in the state of Sikkim, through Nepal, into northwestern India and northern Pakistan.
  • Although only 10 miles wide in places, the range is a typical peak of 3,000 to 4,000 feet.
  • The Shivalik is spread over a width of 10 t0 50 km and maintains an altitude of between 900 and 1110 metres.
  • These ranges are composed of loose sediments and the valleys are usually covered with heavy gravel and alluvium.

• The Himalayas are considered to be the tallest and the youngest furrow mountain ranges or latitudes of the world.
• Their geological pattern is young, shaky, and flexible since the Himalayan uplift is an endless cycle, making them one of the tallest earthquake-prone areas or regions of the world.
• The outer Himalayas are also identified as Manak Parbat in historical times.
• The Himalayas consist of three parallel ranges, the Greater Himalayas known as the Himadri, the Lesser Himalayas called the Himachal, and the Shivalik hills, which comprise the foothills. 
• Himalayan Ranges
  • A series of several parallel or convergent ranges.
  • The ranges are separated by deep valleys from which a highly dissected topography [(of a plateau or upper part) is divided by several deep valleys].
  • The southern slopes have steep slopes and the northern slopes have comparatively gentle slopes. [The ascent of Mount Everest is less busy than on the north side. But China imposes restrictions so climbers take the southern slopes from Nepal]
  • Most of the Himalayan ranges fall in India, Nepal and Bhutan.
  • The northern slopes are partly located in Tibet (Trans-Himalaya) while the western end lies in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia.
  • The Himalayas between Tibet and the Gangetic Plain are a sequence of three parallel ranges.