Correct Answer - Option 2 : Ego
The first modern theory of personality was given by Sigmund Freud in 1923. Freud states that personality is composed of three elements known as the id, the ego, and the superego.
These elements work together to create complex human behaviors. According to Freud, most behavior is caused by thoughts, ideas, and wishes that are created in our minds.
Id
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The Id, indicating the unconscious mind, is the biologically determined senses that someone held since birth.
- It is the most primitive of the three structures, is concerned with the instant gratification of basic physical needs and urges. If these needs are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state of anxiety or tension.
- For example, an increase in hunger or thirst should produce an immediate attempt to eat or drink.
- ID is the source of all psychic energy, making it the primary component of energy.
Ego
- According to Freud, Ego develops from the id and ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world.
- The ego is the component of personality that is responsible for dealing with reality.
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The ego operates based on the reality principle which strives to satisfy the id's desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways.
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The ego is responsible for personality adjustment. It is the decision-making component of personality.
- The ego considers social realities and norms, etiquette, and rules in deciding how to behave.
Super Ego
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The superego holds the internalized moral standards and ideals that we acquire from our parents and society (our sense of right and wrong). The superego incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from one's parents and others.
Hence, it can be concluded that Ego is responsible for personality adjustment.
